Introduction to scientific reasoning -- Psychology is a way of thinking -- Sources of information : evaluating, finding, and reading information -- Three claims, four validities : interrogation tools for consumers of research -- Research foundations for any claim -- Ethical guidelines for psychology research -- Identifying good measurement -- Tools for evaluating frequency claims -- Describing what people do : surveys, observations, and sampling -- Tools for evaluating association claims -- Bivariate correlational research -- Multivariate correlational research -- Tools for evaluating causal claims -- Introduction to simple experiments -- More on experiments : confounding and obscuring variables -- Experiments with more than one independent variable -- Balancing research priorities -- Quasi-experiments and small-N designs -- Replicability, generalization, and the "real world" -- Appendices -- Appendix A: Overview of descriptive statistics -- Appendix B: Inferential statistics -- Appendix C: APA style research reports, sample paper (volume 6) -- Appendix D: Random numbers and how to use them -- Appendix E: areas under the normal curve -- Appendix F: Critical values of t -- Appendix G: Critical values of F -- Appendix H: r to z conversion.